Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary: A Project Management Perspective

In June 1746, a nearly unknown writer named Samuel Johnson signed a contract with a consortium of London booksellers to produce a comprehensive English dictionary within three years�. The 1,500‑guinea advance allowed him to rent a house and hire assistants, but the task proved Herculean: Johnson worked largely alone and repeatedly abandoned and restarted procedures�. The work took nine years and was finally published on 15 April 1755�, and along the way his wife Tetty died in March 1952�.

Gantt Chart of the Dictionary Project (1746–1755)

1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
Contract & Planning
Lexical Research & Reading
Writing Definitions & Quoting
Copying & Editing
Printing & Publication
Personal Event: Tetty’s death

This simplified Gantt chart maps major activities and events across the ten‑year span of Johnson’s project. Tasks overlap substantially; lexical research continued as he wrote definitions and gathered quotations, while copying and editing overlapped with the final printing stages. The single red bar marks the death of his wife, a personal tragedy that disrupted the schedule and reveals how personal risk events can affect project timelines.

Risk Matrix for the Dictionary Project

Probability/Impact Low Impact Medium Impact High Impact
Low Probability Sponsorship dispute with publishers Discovery of lexical duplicates Political censorship
Medium Probability Assistants’ turnover Cost overruns (materials & printing) Schedule slippage (three‑year plan proving unrealistic)
High Probability Quality variance in definitions Expansion of scope (adding quotations and etymologies) Personal health & life events (Tetty’s death, illness)

The risk matrix frames uncertainties Johnson faced. His contract promised completion within three years�, making schedule slippage a high‑impact risk; adding thousands of literary quotations expanded the project’s scope, and both risks were realised. Financial and human‑resource risks were moderate but persistent, as he quarrelled with publishers and relied on a small team of copyists�. The death of his wife mid‑project exemplifies high‑probability, high‑impact personal risk that modern project managers often overlook.

Footnotes

  1. In June 1746 Johnson signed a contract with booksellers for 1,500 guineas; this allowed him to rent a house and hire assistants, but his wife Tetty died in 1752�.
  2. Johnson promised to deliver his dictionary in three years but worked almost alone and repeatedly restarted his processes; completing the dictionary took nine years from the signing of the contract in 1746 to publication in 1755�.
  3. The dictionary was published on 15 April 1755 in two volumes with roughly 43,000 entries�.
  4. Elizabeth “Tetty” Johnson died on 17 March 1752�.